{"id":8247,"date":"2024-05-02T08:00:37","date_gmt":"2024-05-02T08:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/?p=8247"},"modified":"2024-05-13T10:48:31","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T10:48:31","slug":"navrhovana-duchodova-reforma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/2024\/05\/02\/navrhovana-duchodova-reforma\/","title":{"rendered":"Navrhovan\u00e1 d\u016fchodov\u00e1 reforma"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Vl\u00e1da schv\u00e1lila d\u016fchodovou reformu p\u0159ipravenou ministerstvem pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jej\u00edm hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem je zajistit solidn\u00ed d\u016fchody vypl\u00e1cen\u00e9 z pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nejen sou\u010dasn\u00fdm d\u016fchodc\u016fm, ale i p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm generac\u00edm. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed reformy je nap\u0159\u00edklad nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed hranice odchodu do d\u016fchodu na v\u011bk do\u017eit\u00ed, ale i cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch zm\u011bn, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rodiny.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u016fchodov\u00fd v\u011bk m\u00e1 b\u00fdt stanovov\u00e1n transparentn\u011b<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Navr\u017een\u00e1 \u00faprava nav\u00e1\u017ee d\u016fchodov\u00fd v\u011bk na v\u011bk do\u017eit\u00ed. C\u00edlem je, aby pro budouc\u00ed generace byla udr\u017eov\u00e1na stejn\u011b dlouh\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka v\u00fdplaty starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu jako je tomu dnes, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b po dobu 21,5 let. Informace o d\u016fchodov\u00e9m v\u011bku budou ka\u017ed\u00e9mu zn\u00e1my p\u0159i dosa\u017een\u00ed 50 let. Pro ro\u010dn\u00edky 1965 a star\u0161\u00ed se v oblasti d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fapravy nenavrhuj\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rodinn\u00fd vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klad ocen\u00ed v\u00fdchovu d\u011bt\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010di o z\u00e1visl\u00e9 osoby<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Novinkou bude tak\u00e9 rodinn\u00fd vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd ocen\u00ed v\u00fdchovu d\u011bt\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010di o z\u00e1visl\u00e9 osoby. Na pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed osobu se pro pot\u0159eby v\u00fdpo\u010dtu d\u016fchodu bude po dobu p\u00e9\u010de pohl\u00ed\u017eet tak, jako by pob\u00edrala pr\u016fm\u011brnou mzdu. Pokud bude pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed tak\u00e9 pracovat, jeho skute\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdd\u011blek se k rodinn\u00e9mu vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edmu z\u00e1kladu p\u0159i\u010dte. Tento syst\u00e9m postupn\u011b nahrad\u00ed v\u00fdchovn\u00e9. Plat\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdchovn\u00e9 z\u016fstane ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, komu ji\u017e bylo p\u0159izn\u00e1no.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lid\u00e9 v nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch profes\u00edch mohou odej\u00edt d\u0159\u00edve do d\u016fchodu<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b odborn\u00fdch anal\u00fdz Ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed byl stanoven okruh osob, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaj\u00ed zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed formou sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku, a to na z\u00e1klad\u011b kategorizace rizik podle z\u00e1kona o ochran\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. S \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od 1. ledna 2025 budou nad r\u00e1mec ji\u017e nyn\u00ed vymezen\u00e9ho okruhu osob do tzv. n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch profes\u00ed dopln\u011bny:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>v\u0161echny osoby pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed rizik kategorie 4,&nbsp;<\/li><li>osoby pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch s v\u00fdskytem vybran\u00fdch rizik kategorie 3 \u2013 celkov\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, vibrace, z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e teplem a z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e chladem.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1vrh zohled\u0148uje pr\u00e1ce v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 profesi v obdob\u00ed 10 let p\u0159ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed z\u00e1kona. Pot\u00e9, co z\u00e1kon vejde v platnost, bude mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat n\u00e1rok na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku maxim\u00e1ln\u011b o 15 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159i odpracov\u00e1n\u00ed 2 200 sm\u011bn. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u011bku a\u017e na 30 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f bude mo\u017en\u00e9 po odpracov\u00e1n\u00ed 4 400 sm\u011bn, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 asi 20 let\u016fm pr\u00e1ce. \u202f&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed se minim\u00e1ln\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra v\u0161ech d\u016fchod\u016f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reformou dojde i t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ke zdvojn\u00e1soben\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e z\u00e1kladn\u00ed a procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu a invalidn\u00edho d\u016fchodu pro invaliditu t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b na \u010d\u00e1stku odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed 20 % pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy. U invalidn\u00edho d\u016fchodu pro invaliditu druh\u00e9ho a prvn\u00edho stupn\u011b p\u016fjde o pom\u011brn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed (polovina, respektive t\u0159etina), stejn\u011b tak u poz\u016fstalostn\u00edch d\u016fchod\u016f (vdovsk\u00e9 a vdoveck\u00e9 polovina, sirot\u010d\u00ed 40 %).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pracuj\u00edc\u00ed senio\u0159i budou v\u00edce zv\u00fdhodn\u011bni<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm je zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce v d\u016fchodu. \u201eReforma mysl\u00ed i na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed motivace lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed a mohou pracovat v seniorn\u00edm v\u011bku. Na vrcholu sv\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry maj\u00ed lid\u00e9 trhu pr\u00e1ce st\u00e1le co nab\u00eddnout, zejm\u00e9na pak sv\u00e9 bohat\u00e9 celo\u017eivotn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti a expert\u00edzu. Profitovat pak mohou nejen oni sami v podob\u011b dal\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu, ale tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba samotn\u00e9 firmy.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1vrh p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 nahrazen\u00ed trval\u00e9ho zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fchod\u016f o mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm sazby pojistn\u00e9ho o 6,5 % pro v\u0161echny starobn\u00ed d\u016fchodce s v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dnou \u010dinnost\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b OSV\u010c bude sn\u00ed\u017eeno pojistn\u00e9 tak\u00e9 o 6,5 %. Sazba pojistn\u00e9ho placen\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnavatelem z\u016fstane zachov\u00e1na.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fd d\u016fchod<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1vrh tak\u00e9 sni\u017euje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dobu z\u202fnyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u011bti let na t\u0159i roky, tedy do p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu m\u016f\u017ee odej\u00edt pouze ten, kdo dos\u00e1hne v\u011bku o t\u0159i roky ni\u017e\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e je standardn\u00ed v\u011bk odchodu do d\u016fchodu. Novou podm\u00ednkou pro odchod do p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu bude mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dty\u0159icet let poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1&nbsp;<strong>za\u010d\u00edt platit 1. \u0159\u00edjna 2024<\/strong>. V\u202fobdob\u00ed od p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu do doby standardn\u00edho d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku bude z\u00e1rove\u0148 omezena valorizace procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry d\u016fchodu, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra valorizov\u00e1na bude.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fapravy sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k udr\u017eitelnosti syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9 reformy, pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 polovi\u010dn\u00ed kr\u00e1cen\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu u osob, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly aspo\u0148 45 let doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Dojde tak\u00e9 k prodlou\u017een\u00ed lh\u016fty pro obnovu n\u00e1roku na vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod. Ta bude op\u011bt \u010dinit 5 let, co\u017e umo\u017en\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu okruhu vdov a vdovc\u016f \u010derpat poz\u016fstalostn\u00ed d\u016fchod.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sd\u00edlen\u00ed odvod\u016f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Od roku 2027 se tak\u00e9 budou moci man\u017eel\u00e9 nebo partne\u0159i rozhodnout, \u017ee si rozd\u011bl\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00e9 vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klady nap\u016fl za obdob\u00ed, kdy oba pracovali s \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. P\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu d\u016fchodu se na n\u011b bude v tomto obdob\u00ed pohl\u00ed\u017eet tak, jako by m\u011bli stejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem. Opat\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zajistit vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed d\u016fchod partnerovi, kter\u00fd m\u011bl ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do v\u00fdpo\u010dtu d\u016fchod\u016f se bude nov\u011b zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat tak\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b dokon\u010den\u00e9 doktorsk\u00e9 studium, pro kter\u00e9 bude zaveden nov\u00fd typ n\u00e1hradn\u00ed doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reformou se d\u016fchody p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed postupn\u00e9mu st\u00e1rnut\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Od roku 2026 a\u017e do 2035 se tak bude postupn\u011b sni\u017eovat z\u00e1po\u010det osobn\u00edho vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, a to na 90 % pro d\u016fchody p\u0159izn\u00e1van\u00e9 v roce 2035 a pozd\u011bji. Tak\u00e9 procento za rok poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed z 1,5 % na 1,45 % pro d\u016fchody p\u0159iznan\u00e9 v roce 2035 a pozd\u011bji. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e nov\u011b p\u0159izn\u00e1van\u00fdch d\u016fchod\u016f ale i p\u0159es toto opat\u0159en\u00ed stabiln\u011b poroste, za 10 let p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 10 tis\u00edc korun.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reforma penz\u00ed pro jednotliv\u00e9 skupiny obyvatel:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Sou\u010dasn\u00ed penzist\u00e9<\/strong>\u202f\u2013 senior\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nyn\u00ed pob\u00edraj\u00ed starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod, se\u202f<strong>zm\u011bny v r\u00e1mci reformy net\u00fdkaj\u00ed<\/strong>. Jejich d\u016fchody budou \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b valorizov\u00e1ny \u2013 navy\u0161ov\u00e1ny o inflaci a jednu t\u0159etinu r\u016fstu re\u00e1ln\u00fdch mezd. Od p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku by se ale m\u011bly zm\u011bnit podm\u00ednky pro\u202f<strong>pracuj\u00edc\u00ed seniory<\/strong>, dotkne se to zam\u011bstnanc\u016f i \u017eivnostn\u00edk\u016f. U\u017e jim trvale neporoste penze, ale sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se jim sazby pojistn\u00e9ho o \u0161est a p\u016fl procenta.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u016fjdou za p\u00e1r let do d\u016fchodu<\/strong>\u202f<strong>\u2013<\/strong>\u202f<strong>obyvatel narozen\u00fdch v letech 1965\u20131972 v\u010detn\u011b se reformy t\u00fdkaj\u00ed<\/strong>. Od roku 2025 se bude pro stanoven\u00ed d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku vych\u00e1zet z \u00fadaj\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu o st\u0159edn\u00ed d\u00e9lce \u017eivota v pades\u00e1ti letech, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e d\u016fchodov\u00fd v\u011bk se stanov\u00ed\u202f<strong>v\u017edy pro osoby, kter\u00e9 v dan\u00e9m roce dos\u00e1hnou pades\u00e1ti let<\/strong>. Maxim\u00e1ln\u011b by se ale v\u011bk odchodu do d\u016fchodu ro\u010dn\u011b zvedl o dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Podle\u202f<strong>kalkula\u010dky<\/strong><strong>\u202fMPSV&nbsp;<\/strong>by tak ro\u010dn\u00edky 1965 \u0161ly do d\u016fchodu v 65 letech, ro\u010dn\u00edky narozen\u00e9 v roce 1966 pak v 65 letech a dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. Mezi lety 2026 a\u017e 2035 by se m\u011bl tak\u00e9 sni\u017eovat v\u00fdpo\u010det nov\u00fdch\u202fpenz\u00ed. Zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat by se m\u011bla postupn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd rok men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdd\u011blku. Z dosud pln\u011b zohled\u0148ovan\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky do prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 hranice by se po deseti letech bralo v potaz devades\u00e1t procent a za odpracovan\u00fd rok by se m\u00edsto nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho 1,5 % po\u010d\u00edtalo 1,45 %. A\u017e o p\u011bt let d\u0159\u00edve podle po\u010dtu odpracovan\u00fdch sm\u011bn by mohli do d\u016fchodu chodit lid\u00e9 s rizikovou prac\u00ed.\u202f&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Mlad\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky<\/strong>\u202f<strong>\u2013<\/strong>\u202fpro obyvatele<strong>&nbsp;narozen\u00e9 v roce 1973 a d\u00e1le<\/strong>&nbsp;zat\u00edm\u202f<strong>nejsou k dispozici data pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty, jde tak jen o odhady odchodu v\u011bku do d\u016fchodu.<\/strong>\u202fDal\u0161\u00ed \u00fapravy d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho v\u011bku nad 65 let by mohly prob\u00edhat pomaleji,\u202f<strong>ne\u017e je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed posouv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 hranice<\/strong>. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u011bku odchodu do d\u016fchodu nebude v\u202fn\u011bkter\u00fdch obdob\u00edch \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd.\u202f<strong>Doba str\u00e1ven\u00e1 v d\u016fchodu mus\u00ed z\u016fstat pro budouc\u00ed generace stejn\u00e1, tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 21,5 roku.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00edlem d\u016fchodov\u00e9 reformy je zajistit solidn\u00ed d\u016fchody vypl\u00e1cen\u00e9 z pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu nejen sou\u010dasn\u00fdm d\u016fchodc\u016fm, ale i p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm generac\u00edm. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed reformy je nap\u0159\u00edklad nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed hranice odchodu do d\u016fchodu na v\u011bk do\u017eit\u00ed, ale i cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch zm\u011bn, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rodiny.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[365],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8247","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8247"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8252,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8247\/revisions\/8252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}