{"id":1267,"date":"2021-07-02T11:41:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-02T11:41:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/?p=1267"},"modified":"2021-09-06T13:47:30","modified_gmt":"2021-09-06T13:47:30","slug":"kraceni-dovolene-za-absence-v-roce-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/2021\/07\/02\/kraceni-dovolene-za-absence-v-roce-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 za absence v roce 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u016fvod kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9: neomluven\u00e9 zame\u0161k\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bny \u2013 neomluven\u00e1 absence<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Zam\u011bstnanec neomluven\u011b zame\u0161k\u00e1 celou svoji sm\u011bnu (av\u0161ak pr\u00e1ce p\u0159es\u010das zam\u011bstnavateli pr\u00e1vo ke\u00a0kr\u00e1cen\u00ed nezakl\u00e1d\u00e1).<br \/>\nZam\u011bstnavatel m\u016f\u017ee ale neomluven\u00e9 zame\u0161k\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bn <strong>krat\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed<\/strong> jednotliv\u00fdch sm\u011bn <strong>s\u010d\u00edtat<\/strong>. Ke\u00a0kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 lze p\u0159istoupit, a\u017e dos\u00e1hne neomluven\u00e1 absence d\u00e9lky cel\u00e9 sm\u011bny.<\/p>\n<p>Dovolen\u00e1, na kterou vzniklo pr\u00e1vo v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m roce, se <strong>kr\u00e1t\u00ed pouze pro neomluven\u00e9 zame\u0161k\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bny, ke kter\u00e9mu do\u0161lo ve stejn\u00e9m kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edm roce<\/strong>. Absence v roce 2021 nelze kr\u00e1tit dovolenou za rok 2020.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pracovn\u00ed pom\u011br<\/strong> k\u00a0t\u00e9mu\u017e zam\u011bstnavateli <strong>trv\u00e1 cel\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok<\/strong> \u2013 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zam\u011bstnanci <strong>poskytnuta dovolen\u00e1 alespo\u0148 v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 2 t\u00fddn\u016f<\/strong> (za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee mu na ni vznikne pr\u00e1vo). Nebude-li spln\u011bna podm\u00ednka trv\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru po cel\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok, lze dovolenou zkr\u00e1tit v\u00a0cel\u00e9m rozsahu.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Rozsah kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Do 31. 12. 2020 mohl zam\u011bstnavatel kr\u00e1tit dovolenou 1 : 3, tedy 1 den absence : 3 dny dovolen\u00e9<br \/>\n<strong>Od 1. 1. 2021 m\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel kr\u00e1tit dovolenou 1 : 1, tedy 1 den absence : 1 den dovolen\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Zm\u011bna v rozsahu kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 ze dn\u016f na hodiny:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>je nutn\u00e9 dodr\u017eet pravidlo, \u017ee kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0\u00favahu, jen kdy\u017e zam\u011bstnanec neomluven\u011b zame\u0161kal (minim\u00e1ln\u011b) celou svoji sm\u011bnu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Rozd\u00edln\u011b dlouh\u00e9 sm\u011bny<\/h3>\n<p>Jak p\u0159istoupit ke kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 u zam\u011bstnance s\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u011b dlouh\u00fdmi sm\u011bnami, pokud z\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 z\u00a0takov\u00fdch sm\u011bn neomluven\u011b zame\u0161k\u00e1 jen \u010d\u00e1st.<br \/>\nV\u00a0praxi se objevuj\u00ed dva p\u0159\u00edstupy, kdy zam\u011bstnanci s\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u011b dlouh\u00fdmi sm\u011bnami lze kr\u00e1tit dovolenou:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ve vazb\u011b <strong>na nejkrat\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fdch sm\u011bn<\/strong>, nebo<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159es <strong>pr\u016fm\u011brnou d\u00e9lku \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zame\u0161kan\u00fdch sm\u011bn<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>P\u0159\u00edklad<\/em><\/strong>:<br \/>\nPracovn\u00ed doba zam\u011bstnance je rozvr\u017een\u00e1 nerovnom\u011brn\u011b do sm\u011bn dlouh\u00fdch 7 a 11 hodin.<br \/>\nV pr\u016fb\u011bhu kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku zame\u0161kal neomluven\u011b 0,5 hodiny ze sm\u011bny v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 11 hodin a n\u00e1sledn\u011b 2,2 a 3 hodiny ze sm\u011bn dlouh\u00fdch 7 hodin. V\u00a0sou\u010dtu tedy zame\u0161kal bez omluvy 7,5 hodiny.<br \/>\nPr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka sm\u011bn \u010din\u00ed 8 hodin (11+7+7+7=32\/4=8 hodin)<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Dle 1 varianty:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>lze kr\u00e1tit dovolenou o 7 hodin, proto\u017ee sou\u010det zame\u0161kan\u00fdch sm\u011bn dosahuje d\u00e9lky krat\u0161\u00ed sm\u011bny. <strong>Dovolen\u00e1 bude zkr\u00e1cena o 7 hodin<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Dle 2 varianty:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>by zam\u011bstnavatel <strong>kr\u00e1tit nemohl,<\/strong> proto\u017ee chyb\u00ed do kr\u00e1cen\u00ed 0,5 hodiny. Musel by \u201epo\u010dkat\u201c na p\u0159\u00edpadnou neomluvenou \u010d\u00e1st dal\u0161\u00ed sm\u011bny zam\u011bstnance. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v t\u00e9 souvislosti by do\u0161lo z\u00e1rove\u0148 bu\u010f k prodlou\u017een\u00ed, nebo zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zame\u0161kan\u00fdch sm\u011bn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Jak postupovat u pru\u017en\u00e9ho rozvr\u017een\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby<\/h3>\n<p>Co pova\u017eovat za neomluven\u011b zame\u0161kanou sm\u011bnu u zam\u011bstnance s\u00a0pru\u017en\u00fdm rozvr\u017een\u00edm pracovn\u00ed doby? <strong>Takov\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec je toti\u017e povinen b\u00fdt na pracovi\u0161ti pouze v\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed dob\u011b<\/strong>. Pokud by zam\u011bstnavatel v\u00a0r\u00e1mci jednoho t\u00fddne stanovil jinou d\u00e9lku z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby, bude postupovat tak, jako by \u0161lo o zam\u011bstnance s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u011b dlouh\u00fdmi sm\u011bnami (viz v\u00fd\u0161e).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>P\u0159\u00edklad<\/em><\/strong>:<br \/>\nZam\u011bstnanec pracuje v\u00a0pru\u017en\u00e9m rozvr\u017een\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doba je stanovena od 8,30 do 14 hod. Voliteln\u00e9 \u00faseky pak na dobu od 6,00 do 8,30 a od 14,00 do 19,00 hodin v\u00a0dob\u011b od 12,00 do 13,00 hodin mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnanec dle sv\u00e9ho uv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed, v\u017edy v\u0161ak nejpozd\u011bji po 6 hodin\u00e1ch nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce \u010derpat p\u0159est\u00e1vku v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci na j\u00eddlo a oddych v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 30 minut.<br \/>\n<em><strong>Zam\u011bstnanec nedorazil na jeden den do pr\u00e1ce. Jedn\u00e1 se neomluvenou absenci.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel kr\u00e1tit dovolenou o 5 hodin.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Vliv na dovolenou<\/h3>\n<p>Nejde jen o kr\u00e1cen\u00ed za absenci, ale absence m\u00e1 vliv i na samotn\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det n\u00e1roku na dovolenou.<br \/>\nJe to d\u00e1no jinou konstrukc\u00ed vzniku pr\u00e1va na dovolenou, a to ve vazb\u011b na celkov\u00fd po\u010det hodin odpracovan\u00fdch zam\u011bstnance v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edm roce.<\/p>\n<p><em><u>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1rok na dovolenou v\u00a0t\u00fddnech 4. Zam\u011bstnanec si sjednal se zam\u011bstnavatelem krat\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00ed dobu v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 30 hodin. Rozvrh hodin PO a\u017e P\u00c1 po 6 hodin\u00e1ch. V\u00a0kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edm roce odpracuje 261 pracovn\u00edch dn\u00ed (261*6) 1566 hodin. T\u00edm by splnil podm\u00ednky pro vznik pr\u00e1va na dovolenou za kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok v\u00a0d\u00e9lce 120 hodin (4 * 30)<br \/>\n<em><strong>Zam\u011bstnanec m\u011bl ale v\u00a0roce 7 sm\u011bn absence (7*6) 42 hodin<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>Pr\u00e1vo zam\u011bstnance na dovolenou, ale v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nebude p\u0159edstavovat 120-42=78 hodin.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vedle kr\u00e1cen\u00ed ovlivn\u00ed i samotn\u00e1 absence po\u010det odpracovan\u00fdch hodin za rok:<\/p>\n<p>1566\u201342=1524 hodin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1524\/30=50,8=50<\/p>\n<p>Do tohoto po\u010dtu hodin se vejde pouze 50 cel\u00fdch n\u00e1sobk\u016f, tak\u017ee zam\u011bstnanci vznikne pouze pr\u00e1vo na\u00a0pom\u011brnou \u010d\u00e1st dovolen\u00e9 za kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok, kter\u00e1 bude men\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p>1524\/30=50,8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 50\/52*30*4= 116 hodin<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><strong>116 hodin \u2013 42 hodin = 74 hodin dovolen\u00e9 po proveden\u00e9m kr\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Technika kr\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Zam\u011bstnavatel bude kr\u00e1tit dovolenou zam\u011bstnanci z\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti dovolen\u00e9, kter\u00e1 mu je\u0161t\u011b zb\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li>Zam\u011bstnavatel bude kr\u00e1tit dovolenou zam\u011bstnanci, kterou si ji\u017e vy\u010derpal. Zam\u011bstnanec je povinen zam\u011bstnavateli tuto dovolenou vr\u00e1tit. Z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce umo\u017e\u0148uje sr\u00e1\u017eku pov\u00e9st i bez souhlasu zam\u011bstnance.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Zam\u011bstnanec je povinen vr\u00e1tit zam\u011bstnavateli vyplacenou n\u00e1hradu mzdy nebo platu, tedy n\u00e1hradu mzdy, kterou zam\u011bstnavatel zam\u011bstnanci za p\u0159e\u010derpanou dovolenou ji\u017e poskytl a jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e se\u00a0odv\u00edjela od pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho v\u00fdd\u011blku zam\u011bstnance platn\u00e9ho v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy j\u00edm byla dovolen\u00e1 \u010derp\u00e1na.<\/p>\n<p>Samotn\u00e1 skute\u010dnost, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanec kv\u016fli kr\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u0159e\u010derpal dovolenou, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee doba \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed dovolen\u00e9, o kterou takto p\u0159i\u0161el, bude zp\u011btn\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1na jinak. <strong>Tato doba se mus\u00ed i p\u0159es proveden\u00e9 kr\u00e1cen\u00ed pro \u00fa\u010dely dovolen\u00e9 pova\u017eovat po\u0159\u00e1d za v\u00fdkon pr\u00e1ce.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Informace zam\u011bstnanci o kr\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Je nezbytn\u00e9 informovat zam\u011bstnance o kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9. Zam\u011bstnavatel sd\u011bluje, \u017ee p\u0159istoupil ke\u00a0kr\u00e1cen\u00ed a uv\u00e1d\u00ed i rozsah kr\u00e1cen\u00ed. Zpravidla se d\u011bje vyt\u00fdkac\u00edm dopisem nebo dokumentem o\u00a0rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Projedn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0odborovou organizac\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>U zam\u011bstnavatele, kde p\u016fsob\u00ed odborov\u00e1 organizace je nutn\u00e9 projednat toto kr\u00e1cen\u00ed s\u00a0odbory.<\/p>\n<p>O tom, zdali zam\u011bstnanec neomluven\u011b zame\u0161kal svoji sm\u011bnu nebo jej\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st, v\u0161ak rozhoduje zam\u011bstnavatel. Odli\u0161n\u00fd n\u00e1zor odborov\u00e9 organizace na uvedenou v\u011bc nebr\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnavateli vyhodnotit absenci zam\u011bstnance jako neomluvenou, a zkr\u00e1tit mu kv\u016fli n\u00ed dovolenou.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Lze trestat zam\u011bstnance sou\u010dasn\u011b kr\u00e1cen\u00edm dovolen\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru?<\/h3>\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 tzv. \u201edvoj\u00edho trest\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c postihovat zam\u011bstnance za stejn\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed jeho povinnost\u00ed v\u00edce zp\u016fsoby?<br \/>\nZam\u011bstnavateli takov\u00fd postup zapov\u011bzen nen\u00ed. K tomuto z\u00e1v\u011bru dosp\u011bl Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud v rozsudku ze dne 29.8.2019, sp. zn. 21 Cdo 2296\/2018, judikaturu si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst nap\u0159. <a href=\"https:\/\/ppropo.mpsv.cz\/JudikatNS21Cdo22962018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">A jak funguje kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9 v Nuggetu?<\/h2>\n<p>V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b si mus\u00ed firma\/organizace vnit\u0159n\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy ur\u010dit, jestli kr\u00e1tit dovolenou za neomluvenou absenci bude \u010di nebude. Pokud budete, dle z\u00e1kona (jak bylo \u0159e\u010deno v\u00fd\u0161e) je mo\u017en\u00e9 kr\u00e1tit pouze 1 den za 1 sm\u011bnu. V Nuggetu toto kr\u00e1cen\u00ed nastav\u00edte ve funkci <strong>Mzdy 2-7-1 Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed parametrick\u00fd soubor<\/strong> a to zad\u00e1n\u00edm hodnoty 0 \u010di 1. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee zad\u00e1te hodnotu 0, kr\u00e1tit se nebude.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1352\" src=\"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Neomluvena-absence_kraceni.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"748\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Neomluvena-absence_kraceni.jpg 748w, https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Neomluvena-absence_kraceni-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kr\u00e1t\u00ed se po cel\u00fdch sm\u011bn\u00e1ch, ale nov\u011b se absence s\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed. Pokud tedy m\u00e1 zam\u011bstnanec 3 absence po p\u016fldnech, ode\u010dte se mu jeden den dovolen\u00e9. Den dovolen\u00e9 se p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 na hodiny podle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00favazku zam\u011bstnance.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud je zam\u011bstnanec zam\u011bstnan\u00fd u zam\u011bstnavatele po cel\u00fd rok, nesm\u00ed se mu pokr\u00e1tit dovolen\u00e1 tak, aby mu z\u016fstalo m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dva t\u00fddny dovolen\u00e9. Zde se pro ur\u010den\u00ed jednoho t\u00fddne dovolen\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tzv. pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 t\u00fddenn\u00ed doba, tedy pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hodnota \u00favazku, kter\u00e1 bere v potaz zm\u011bny \u00favazku v roce.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u016fvod kr\u00e1cen\u00ed dovolen\u00e9: neomluven\u00e9 zame\u0161k\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bny \u2013 neomluven\u00e1 absence<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[365],"tags":[215,216],"class_list":["post-1267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","tag-kraceni-dovolene","tag-neomluvena-absence"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1267"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1357,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1267\/revisions\/1357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/podpora.nuggetsw.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}